The Copenhagen Zoo killed Marius the giraffe and four lions.

The Copenhagen Zoo slaughtered Marius the giraffe and four lions. At the point when the Copenhagen Zoo in Denmarkâ killed Marius the giraffeâ on February 9, 2014, the open shock was immediate and around the world. Marius was dismembered before an open crowd, including kids, and afterward took care of to the zoos lions. The disturbance had scarcely chilled off when, on March 24, 2014, the equivalent zooâ killed four sound lions, including some who had devoured Marius remains.â Lamentably, creatures conceived at zoos don't generally get the opportunity to live their lives out fully. David Williams-Mitchell, a representative for the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria,â told CNN that approximatelyâ 3,000 to 5,000 creatures are executed every year at EAZA zoos. Of these, few hundred are huge creatures like giraffes and lions, while the greater part are littler creatures, including creepy crawlies and rodents. As indicated by The Independent, five giraffes have been slaughtered in Danish zoos since 2012, also asâ 22 solid zebras, four hippos and two Arabian Oryx all through Europe. Despite the fact that approaches of the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums are not the same as those of the EAZA, the creatures in American zoos don't in every case experience their lives at the zoo. Marius the Giraffe  Marius was a solid, multi year old giraffe who was slaughtered by the Copenhagen Zooâ to forestall inbreeding. Albeit different zoos had offered to take in Marius, one previously had Marius sibling (making Marius hereditarily excess at that zoo), and the others were not licensed by the EAZA. Lesley Dickie, Executive Director of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria, clarified in a CNN opinion piece that Marius would be probably not going to make due in the wild; sanitization for male giraffes can prompt bothersome side-effectsâ and contraception for female giraffes is troublesome, in its earliest stages, can be irreversible. Dickie and Copenhagen Zoo authorities have over and over called attention to that the murdering of Marius was inside EAZA guidelines.â The zoo and their staff have gotten passing dangers and dangers to torch the zoo. Four Lions Killed at Copenhagen Zoo  A couple weeks.after murdering Marius, the Copenhagen Zoo executed a group of four sound lions - two guardians and their offspring. The zoo had gotten another, youthful male to mate with the 18-month-old females who had been conceived at the zoo, and didn't need the youthful females to mate with their own father. The zoo contends that the new male would have killed the grown-up male and two youthful whelps, as a feature of a male lions normal conduct of killing all the cubsâ and killing the grown-up male when he assumes control over another pride of lions.â The zoo asserts that no different zoos were keen on taking the lion family. The avocations for executing the lions have concentrated on the creatures regular conduct, yet murdering the lions is not really normal. In the wild, the new male would need to expel the male leader of the pride before dominating. This would happen just if the new male were stronger. Survival of the fittest keeps the species solid as it proceeds to evolve.â While another, more grounded male would have murdered the current male and the youthful cubs,â this clarification falls flat toâ address why the more established female lion was executed. Discussion . While basic entitlements dissident contradict keeping creatures in zoos paying little mind to their reproducing and slaughtering arrangements, the act of executing abundance creatures is particularly offensive and draws open shock. On the off chance that a great many creatures are slaughtered each year, for what reason did Marius demise accumulate so much media inclusion? It might have been on the grounds that Marius was dismembered and butchered before an open crowd, and afterward took care of to lions. The discussion, in any case, was not revolved around the dismemberment and butchering, yet on the reasons the giraffe was slaughtered. As Dickie calls attention to, a zoos assets are limited. They knew or ought to have known ahead of time that Marius would be hereditarily unfortunate for reproducing but they permitted Marius guardians to raise. The contentions against sanitization or moving Marius are unconvincing. The British zoo that needed Marius is fit for making their own assurance concerning whether Marius was important, and the issues with disinfection can't be more awful than death. The entire issue seems to originate from the zoos want to highlight infant creatures, regardless of whether permitting the creatures to repeat prompts overbreeding, stuffing and killing.â Supporters of the zoo call attention to that lions are consistently taken care of meat from dead creatures, and numerous pundits of the zoo are not veggie lover. In any case, regardless of whether a few pundits of the zoo are two-timers is a different issue from whether the zoo was directly in killing Marius. Basic entitlements activists don't have confidence in keeping any creatures in zoos (not be mistaken for havens), and are vegetarian, so there is no irregularity in the basic entitlements position.â After the four lions were slaughtered, humor site The Global Edition distributed a satirical piece, Copenhagen Zoo Kills Four Healthy Staff Members To Make Space For New Employees. American Zoos and Aquariums While European zoos would prefer to permit the creatures to normally replicate and execute abundance creatures, American zoos favor contraception. Concerning killing,â the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums expressed in a press release, Incidents of that sort don't occur at AZA-licensed zoos and aquariums, calling attention to that AZA-authorize zoos limit overbreeding. AZA zoos do some of the time overbreed, prompting creatures being offered to unaccredited zoos, bazaars, and even canned chasing operations.â Jack Hanna,â director emeritus of the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium in Ohio, called the murdering of Marius the most accursed, harsh, ludicrous thing Ive ever known about. What is the arrangement?  Many have contended that Marius could have been disinfected, that his folks could have been sanitized, or that Marius ought to have been moved to another zoo. The lions could have additionally gone to another zoo, the zoo could have manufactured a second lion enclosure,â or the zoo could have passed on getting the new lion. While these arrangements may have spared these five lives, the issue is greater than these five creatures. Keeping creatures in bondage, whether or not they are reproduced, overbred, or deliberately killed,â violates the creatures rightsâ to live their lives liberated from human use and misuse. From a basic entitlements perspective, the arrangement is to blacklist zoos and all creature savagery, and go veggie lover.

Integration of Evidence-Based Practice Into Professional Nursing Practice Essay Example for Free

Reconciliation of Evidence-Based Practice Into Professional Nursing Practice Essay In this paper we will examine the combination of proof based practice into proficient nursing practice. Scott McSherry (2008) characterize proof based practice as the mix of individual, clinical, or proficient mastery with the best accessible outside proof to create practice that is well on the way to prompt positive results for a patient. In spite of writing encompassing what proof based nursing is and isn’t, medical caretakers battle to get proof into training. Numerous reasons have been accounted for including an absence of comprehension about proof based nursing implies. Scott McSherry (2008) additionally characterize proof based nursing is a procedure by which attendants settle on clinical choices utilizing the best accessible research proof, their clinical ability and patient results. We will likewise examine nursing’s concurrent dependence on and scrutinize of EBP with regards to basic thinking. There will likewise be conversation of an examination done that inspected the impacts of coordinating proof based practice into clinical practicum among RN-BSN understudies and the confinements of proof based practice and a substitute perspective on dynamic. Ultimately we will talk about proof that challenges the conventional work on with respect to infusion locales (Cocoman Murray 2010). As indicated by Guem et al. (2010) prove based practice is a critical thinking way to deal with clinical consideration that joins the cognizant us of the present best accessible proof, a clinician’s mastery, and the patient qualities. Proof for proof based practice doesn't generally depend on inquire about discoveries. Sources utilized can incorporate research discoveries, clinical experience, quality improvement information, sensible thinking, perceived position, and customer fulfillment, circumstance, experience, and worth (Leddy Pepper 2008 p. 66). On the opposite proof based nursing is fundamental in light of its capability to set aside time and cash and improve quiet results by diminishing expenses, through normalizing and smoothing out costs (Scott McSherry 2008). It is significant o comprehend the distinction between proof based practice and proof based nursing in light of the fact that on occasion they are utilized reciprocally. Scott McSherry (2008) express that the nursing practice has invited EBP however with regards to EBN, it is still yet to come reality in light of the fact that the idea is a lot of unsophisticated and can prompt issues related with its utilization and abuse. EBN is only a build and presently can't seem to be effectively actualized (Scott McSherry 2008). Fundamentally the problem with EBN is that we don’t truly know the meaning of nursing. In spite of the fact that there are issues with the definition we realize that clinical judgment is one of the significant ideas utilized in nursing consequently it fortifies the thought of EBP and eventually EBP. To propel the calling and guarantee strong principles of training, we should look past proof based practice, while helpful in execution it is only one of numerous other segment parts (Jutel 2008). Proof based practice a major trend dark in nursing practice and as of now possesses a noticeable position, a few universal nursing associations bolster its utilization as a key activity in the headway of the calling. Notwithstanding the accentuation on EBP, there is likewise a solid resistance to it, not with the real utilization of EBP being an issue however with the basics on which it stands. These contentions whine of the veracity of the rules utilized in EBP which at the same time sabotages and can't bolster EBP (Jutel 2008). In the event that it had not been for the social turn which perceived that things are not generally as they appear or that force, society, and culture contribute as much as science to producing information, the discussion about EBP would have never surfaced (Jutel 2008). In spite of the fact that medical caretakers contend against EBP, they need significant apparatuses important to supplant EBP. â€Å"Nursing instruction puts high an incentive on power and adherence to clinical conventions, as opposed to on skills† (Jutel, 2008. P. 419). Adversaries of EBP recommends that advancement of clinical practice rules, basic consideration pathways, and conventions may really meddle and tempt experts to grow to some degree a cookbook formula demeanor to customer care (Leddy Pepper 2010). With quality improvement being established in modern creation, maybe normalization may not be as alluring in light of the fact that patients have one of a kind needs and attributes the might be ignored when sticking to severe clinical practice rules. Nursing receives a gave and to some degree gullible trust while evaluating data, we rush to acknowledge the realities of a friend looked into article, medicate organization promulgation, and brisk to acknowledge a contention on irregularities of EBP. The devices EBP cases to possess, are fantastically helpful, be that as it may, are not devices of EBP; they are basic abilities of data examination. As proof based practice quickly replaces the customary worldview of social insurance dynamic, medicinal services individuals have a commitment to get to information, apply it practically speaking, and lead others to utilize it properly (Geum et al. 010 p. 387). For instance RN-BSN programs; these are grown-up understudies who have clinical information and aptitude, organized foundation and instructive arrangement and business encounter yet have not taken a conventional research course, along these lines they demonstrate less certainty to incorporate proof based practice in their practices on the grounds that these are courses that are not normal outside a baccalaureate educational plan. To inspect the adequacy of the reconciliation of EBP into a clinical practicum an investigation was done among Korean RN-BSN understudies. The fundamental objectives were to upgrade students’ abilities for EBP information aptitudes and perspectives and to open understudies to circumstances that would energize the utilization of best proof (Geum et al. 2008). Every understudy was told to characterize patients nursing issues for their independently relegated quiet and to figure nursing issues utilizing the EBP question position, PICO, which we examined prior in the semester, to choose the nursing mediation for the issues presented. Before the EBP practicum, the by and large and individual scores for EBP adequacy among RN-BSN understudies demonstrated that understudies were â€Å"a little confident† with respect to the EBP procedure (Geum et al. 2008, p. 389). Consequences of this investigation demonstrate that reconciliation of EBP into a RN-BSN clinical practicum positively affected EBP adequacy and diminished hindrances to examine use among understudies in Korea, which likewise validates with considers led in different nations. Proof based practice is an educated arrangement of abilities in this manner basic reasoning is crucial in creating proof based nursing practice (Geum et al. 2008). Notwithstanding if the proof on intricacies, nurture in clinical settings despite everything proceed to utilize and teach nursing understudies on the utilization of dorsogluteal infusion destinations as the site of decision for intramuscular infusions (Cocoman Murray 2010). Things being what they are, the place should an intramuscular (IM) infusion be given? Medical caretakers have customarily utilized the dorsogluteal, yet ongoing writing has pushed the ventrogluteal site. Picking locales has involved individual inclination, as opposed to the consequences of proof based practice. Slow take-up of drugs, significant nerves and veins present make this site dangerous. A British report proposes â€Å"as past examinations have indicated the low adequacy of gluteal intramuscular infusions, this course ought to be maintained a strategic distance from for most drugs† (Cocoman Murray, 2010. P. 1171). As the sciatic nerve lies just a couple of centimeters from the infusion site, wounds represent a noteworthy danger, making the requirement for precisely recognizing milestones particularly significant. An elective site is the ventrogluteal, seen by numerous individuals as the favored site. This site gives the best thickness of gluteal muscle and is liberated from infiltrating nerves and veins (Cocoman Murray 2010). In spite of proof preferring the ventrogluteal site, attendants are delayed to utilize it, depending on the much educated and utilized dorsogluteal site. â€Å"Studies show that solitary 12% of American nursing staff utilizes the ventrogluteal site† (Cocoman Murray 2010. P. 1172). Studies propose that a few reasons the site isn't utilized is a result of nurses’ newness in finding the site and potential needle stick injury. Sadly, medical attendants have not come to understand that when utilizing the V technique, the non infusing hand is to be evacuated, as it’s just utilized for visual land checking (Cocoman Murray 2010). All through this paper we have examined the mix of proof based practice into nursing from different articles. In the different articles the writers discussed proof based practice contrasted with proof based nursing, the incorporation of proof based practice in RN-BSN programs. We likewise talked about the article on a clinical model which proposed that the ventrogluteal intramuscular infusion site over the dorsogluteal site is favored with regards to positive patient results.

Club IT

Club IT Club IT Home›Research Posts›Club IT Research PostsThe purpose of this research was to identify means and ways that could be used by Club IT in improving its clientele margin by finding ways of keeping up changing technological advances. This was done by identifying the types of wireless devices clients coming at Club IT used in operations like, document editing, gaming platforms, internet surfing, tracking devices among others.It was also aimed at identifying four organizations that used m-commerce and explained extensively four applications that Club IT could use in its operations. It was aimed at improving the IT standards of Club IT could offer to its clientele, by discussing ways of sending bulk SMS and identified some of the main players in SMS gateways on the internet, it was to embark at explaining a feasibility of mounting coupon campaign at Club IT to create a bigger clientele arena. (Norman 2002)Having a good number of TPS services on the internet this research identif ied and analyzed TPS for Club It, this was done by performing a cost-benefit analysis that was to assist or aid at acquiring a TPS for Club IT, there was clear quoting on the Tangibles and the intangibles of doing this.FINDINGS AND ANALYSISWireless devices have had a margin of growth and listing the whole set would be a long event, however, the identified wireless devices that have been used and clients were observed using at Club IT included: smart phones, gaming and document editing tablets; mac books; laptops; GPS devices for tracking; PDAs; dashtop mobile devices. The list is almost endless but the above devices seemed to exceed in appearance during the study.Organizations digging at the usage of m-commerce included Brick and Mortar Business, Big-box retailers and eBay. These organizations were found to use the m-commerce in almost every aspect of their operations, to deal with the changing technological times some of these organizations have integrated GPS in their operations i n that if a client orders for anything online, he or she doesn’t need to give direction and that they will deliver at the specific location shown on their mapping applications. The likes of Brick and Mortar Business offer location based services and that one of the application that was found to be appropriate to use at Club IT. (Candace 2005)Four of wireless m-commerce applications that showed to be usable at Club IT according to their appropriated usage method at target of usage according to this research included: Mobile Ticketing, mobile Content purchase and delivery, Location based services, information, mobile brokerage, mobile marketing and advertising. So choosing four of the most appropriate for use by Club IT, it would be:Mobile Ticketing â€" this is the process by which clients can fix orders, clear the payments, acquire and validate tickets from whatever location they’ll be at. Given that Club IT had members’ registration, it would be easy for the clients to acquire and obtain their tickets for special or outlines services at Club IT online.Mobile content Purchase and Delivery â€" this involves buying of services like ring-tones, video clips, bulk SMS services and wallpapers. For club IT this can be an appropriate m-commerce application in that it provides the content to the clientele from whatever geographical location they may be.Mobile Marketing at Advertising â€" for Club IT the use of this application can be in terms of their doing or integrating with other firms to market their products or services, they can advertise their own services and products if they do have purchase merchandise. (Nikhilesh 2006)Mobile Brokerage â€" it the online services that are aimed at keeping the customers or subscribers up to date with the changing market forms and the stock market. This information would be useful by Club IT to catch a bigger virtual clientele and to boost their business.Mobile Vouchers, coupons and loyalty cards â€" these are used by the s ervice or product seller to boost the morale of the customer and they are send to the clients as instant rewards for purchases they have done. The delivery of these is by the borrowing of location based servicing services.Since most or all customers to Club IT as it has been observed have subscribed to Short Message Services, the use of coupon campaign would be a great and positive move by Club IT in that it will be aimed at reaching out to a vast majority of clients, if the services they are offering are accessible all the time, they usage of subway-coupons-to-cell phones would bring in more clients in that they are covered in covering the distances to reach to Club It for the events that would be in place. It can also be targeted at giving clients the opportunity to entertain themselves as a means of assurance that Club IT has got them covered. The usage of bulk SMS and bulk email may be a good move to do this. Zeep mobile provides the services of bulk messaging and thus Club IT c an use their services as a SMS gateway. The use of this would be to reach out to as many people as possible, in which the end result would be a significant growth of Club IT’s clientele.ANALYZING A TPS FOR CLUB ITThe case of Club IT and its operations need to be monitored automatically and data compiled in presentable formats. If Club IT ventures into the m-commerce servicing, it would be advisable that they acquire a Transaction Processing System (TPS). To give guidelines according to the type of TPS they need to acquire, going by the research, it will be most appropriate for Club IT to establish the kind of payments they receive from clients. Then when installing a TPS it is the types of payments to Club It and the size of data and services they offer that will determine the kind and stability of the TPS that will manage the data, process the transactions, compile reports and move from the clients’ bank accounts to Club IT’s account. To minimize overspending the TPS to be us ed should be relevant to only performing the task and not in any way have a section of the program that isn’t being utilized. The purpose of TPS would be to do all the man power demanding tasks of transaction processing which in TPS case would cut off most of expenses and time in terms of seeing transactions go through. It would be beneficial in that it will be responsible of accounting and analyzing financial structure of Club IT. (Ee-Peng 2003)CONCLUSIONTypes of wireless devices used by Club IT clients have been identified and enlisted. Organizations using m-commerce and the types and examples of wireless m-commerce applications usable by Club IT have been explained. It has been found that bulk SMS is a useful utility to marketing and gathering more clientele for Club IT, the research has established an example of a bulk SMS gateway that Club It can use. Analyzing of a TPS has been done and the benefits of acquiring one have been discussed as well.

Analysis Of The Penelopid Is A Novella By Margaret Atwood

Penelopid The Penelopid is a novella by Margaret Atwood, that tells the story of the Odyssey from Penelope’s perspective. Atwood incorporates many interesting elements in her work including, the women’s place in society, the fairness of justice, the double standard of the sexes at this time period, and a 21st century view on the Odyssey. Atwood uses different literary devices in her writing, such as the genres from the maids and the interesting perspective of writing from hades after death. Penelope’s view of the Odyssey, along with gender roles, reveal the patriarchal expectations though out the novel. In Atwood’s work there is justification to the unfairness, along with the roles women played in Penelope’s society. In the beginning of the Penelopid, Patriarchal social systems show where men have control over all aspects of women in their society. Reflecting back on the time period this is set in, Penelope’s marriage is being arranged by her father, King Icarius. It is told when the husband of a nobly born woman, he is expected to stay at the bride’s father’s palace to contribute his share of male offspring. In the beginning of the Penelopid the races to win Penelope’s hand in marriage, is quickly won by Odysseus, even with his known cheating. Rather than Odysseus staying with Penelope’s noble family he moves her back to Ithaca, where he becomes King. Shortly after they return to Ithaca, Penelope and Odysseus bare a son, named Telemachus. Before their marriage really

British Petrolium - 2864 Words

BRITISH PETROLIUM Executive Summery British petroleum is one of the largest oil and gas company which is spread within eighty countries and across six continents. In this project we are going to talk about BP on the whole. We will apply frameworks such as pestel, potters five forces, value chain, ansoffs matrix, the bcg matrix and also the SWOT and TOWS matrix to see where BP stands in the market. Will also talk about the competitive advantage it has got and how are they making use of it in the market. BP also dominates in the downstream market and has its own supply chains. The oil reserves are soon declining hence BP is looking into alternative sources of energies. We will also talk about the current strategies of British petroleum†¦show more content†¦The support process helps the primary business process in its functioning. Firm Infrastructure goes with the inbound logistics, the human resource available goes with the operations the technology of BP helps in its out bound logistics and the procurement is d one the marketing and sales is done and then services. VRIN Value Inimitability Rarity Non-substitutability VRIN VALUE – BP is financially very strong and its spread over eighty countries across six continents. BP is also financially veryShow MoreRelatedThe Rosneft s Takeover Tnk Bp2853 Words   |  12 Pagescom/business/2013/mar/21/rosneft-takes-over-tnk-bp). Founded in 1995 Rosneft became the major oil extracting company in RF. TNK-BP is a joint venture which was formed by two companies TNK(Tyumenskaya Neftyanaya Kompaniya, Tyumen Oil Company) and BP (British Petrolium). TNK on its own was growing rapidly and the company was gaining market share each year. After the joint venture with BP the growth didn t go as it planned to be. The fundamental disagreements in the objectives of the 2 sides prevented the successful

Stop Welfare Abuse to Build the Work Ethics Free Essays

Valbona Bajrami Stop welfare abuse to build the work ethics America the promised land, America with 37 million poor citizens living under welfare recipients! But, are all these people really poor? Are all these people in real need to live in the shoulders of American taxpayer, or are they â€Å"spineless creatures† who abuse state benefits? These questions deserve to be answers for all taxpayers who not only sweat by working, but they must also pay for all those that are nothing more than parasites. Our government is all about training these people to live in poverty and in return they have children who grow up to believe that the government should pay their way. According to the Census report, 11. We will write a custom essay sample on Stop Welfare Abuse to Build the Work Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3 percent to 15. 1 percent of the population was living in poverty over the past 20 years. Around 45 percent of them own their own homes, have car, cable, and satellite TV. Overall, when Obama became president, he decided to equip with mobile phones all those who receive welfare. The average poor American has more living space than the average individual not classified as poor living throughout Europe. The number of teen pregnancy increases day by day, and unfortunately the most of them were raised in circle of poverty and dependent on the benefits of welfare. What is poverty indeed? The word â€Å"poverty† suggests destitution: an inability to provide a family with nutritious food, clothing, and reasonable shelter, so the above mentioned facts do not show any degree of poverty. It seems that collecting welfare has become a way of life for some, which caused laziness, increased the number of drug users, increase of family violence because they don’t have nothing else to do except to attract and seek benefits from state. They prefer to be let go from work so that they can get paid to sit on their behind. Now the government plans to let the food stamp card to be used in fast food chains and buy junk food instead of cooking? This has to stop! Some tax payers can’t afford to eat out, now these irresponsible people want us to pay for their fast food? Wake up law maker, we are tired of this. Drug test them and let the people vote whether they want to be so generous with their tax dollars or not. Give them 3 months to get back on their feet, and then shut them off because they apparently are not aware that they are damaging their children by learning them to live in cycle of welfare. Reported cases of child abuse and neglect among poor children is almost 7 times as great as the incidence among non-poor children . These people complain about their living budget, always in search of humanitarian organizations and often complain that the state is not fulfilling their needs. Because of their behavior the famous quote of Douglas Coupland comes to my mind â€Å"Blame is just a lazy person’s way of making sense of chaos. † I see people my age who receive unemployment checks, food stamps; you name it, and they are doing absolutely nothing to change it, even turning down advancements at their jobs so they can continue to receive the same amount of aide. It is important to recognize that job opportunities do exist for individuals willing to accept them. The government should end welfare because there are more people that abuse it then need it. People on welfare do not respect the value and hard work of US taxpayers. It is really upsetting that they don’t do anything to better themselves. If we stop the welfare, poor people would be more likely to go to work, starting to climb the ladder that will lead out of poverty and teach their kids the value of education and work ethic. How to cite Stop Welfare Abuse to Build the Work Ethics, Essay examples

Caring Is the Fundamental of Nursing †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About the Caring Is the Fundamental of Nursing? Answer: Introduction In the provision of healthcare services, nursing care involves the passionate and esteemed caring for patients by the registered nurses or other caregivers. The nursing care may be patient-centered care or the centered family care. The nursing profession gets purely focused on the therapeutic interactions between the patient and the nurses. The nursing care acts as a cornerstone practice in the hastening of the patient healing and provision of holistic care. In simpler terms, caring is the central concept amongst the different nursing concepts in the nursing practice(Edvardsson, Watt, Pearce, 2017). Caring as a nursing fundamental seems to be inherent to the nursing practice and emerges from the respect and mutual concern for the patient. Caring implies to the intentional actions, and positive attitudes and the inner feelings which help to shape the professional interactions which got founded between the nurse and patient. The Nursing and Midwifery Professional Practice supports the caring fundamental of nursing in the better service provision for patients. In this essay, I shall discuss the three characteristics of the therapeutic nursing and give a brief description of how such skills may get implemented to improve the therapeutic value of nursing care. Such therapeutic components include empathy, warmth and trust, and the self-awareness. Although in the process of building the therapeutic relations between the patient and nurse, the Ethics Code of Conduct dictates the nurses not to be too close emotionally to the patients and should learn to uphold the virtue of detachment. Empathy Empathy is an important and crucial nursing attribute in the therapeutic nurse-client relationship in which the patient suffers from a given condition such as dementia or due to old age. Empathy as a concept has got different definitions, but the one that gets commonly used is the one which defines empathy as a conducive environment created by a nurse. The environment makes the patient feel that his/her grievances are understood and accepted for consideration(Maruca, Diaz, Kuhnly, Jeffries, 2015). The nurse shows empathy to the patient through demonstrating the virtue of kindness and warmth. Furthermore, empathy encompasses the spirit of sharing and the creation of an internal vacuum to accept a person. Thus, a person feels cared for, not left lonely and feels his/her problems are well understood and gets care. Empathy concept applies in collaboration with compassion for a patient. Hence, the compassionate care is a product of showing humane concern for a patient and reciprocating a ppropriately to his/her needs with humanity in totality, pain relieving and stress management. In most instances, compassion refers to the act of not only understanding ones problems but also responding and trying to resolve the issues so as to relieve his/her suffering. Nurses should show empathy and compassion to their patients but should try as much as [possible to retain a greater degree of detachment(Knowles, Hearne, Smith, 2015). This would facilitate the nurses concern on the patients she/he is caring for to become evident while maintaining the emotional separateness. Through the observance of the detachment policy, the nurse would get protected from losing his/her goals for care and tamper with the possibility of burnout. In most cases, caring which occurs empathetically renders a nurse to appear emotionally vulnerable, and result in the consequences of benefiting the patient at a high cost. Therefore, for effective care, nurses should try to balance between the engagement and the detachment. The skill of empathy may get offered through offering pieces of training and workshops for the registered nurses(Bridges, et al., 2013). During the training, nurses get taught the importance of empathy in the nursing care practice. Also, nursing students should get taught on empathy skill in one of their semesters while studying for nursing. Warmth and Trust Nursing practice usually encompasses the deep interpersonal relationships between the nurses and the patients. In most cases, the patients are optimistic that nurses should be more tender and kind in the provision of the nursing care services. Besides, the patients have higher expectations on the expression of warmth by their nurses. Patients feel warmth most when the nurses do it in a nonverbal behavior. Most of the patients prefer the nonverbal behavior of expressing warmth for them(Yang, Hargreaves, Bostrom, 2014). Nurses should show affection to the patients they are caring. The warmth would influence the patients outcome. The love shown by nurses would make the patients feel cared for, have companionships to counter loneliness and find someone to share their problems with and by default the nurse. Furthermore, the nurses should work hard to develop trust with their clients. Nurses should follow the Australian Registered Nurses Standards of Practice to acquire patients informati on and keep it privately and confidentially(Arnold Boggs, 2015). When the patients learn their information is not leaked or shared amongst other patients or the nursing staff, they will develop and build trust on their nurse on duty. With trustworthy, the patients would feel free to share their problems with the nurse on duty with expectations of assistance on the way of solving them. Moreover, patients share even their secrets without fear since they have created trustworthy enough amongst the nurses providing nursing care services. Through, the act of believing and being trustworthy, nurses would just acquire adequate information from the patients(Mirhaghi, Sharafi, Bazzi, Hasanzadeh, 2017). Using the obtained information, nurses would analyze and make informed decisions regarding the treatment of the patients. Informed decisions would result in better treatment, and health care services provision since the nurses and specialists would be relying their interventions on the first hand and accurate information got from the admitted client. The warmth and trust skills may get implemented for the betterment of the therapeutic relationships through introducing as a core subject for the nursing students while at school and in nursing placements and also when they get registered as nurses would have practiced it a lot(Dinc Gastmans, 2013). The nursing students should get informed of the essential attributes warmth and trust skills have towards a better nursing care. Self-awareness This is a process with an objective for self-examination and is quite crucial and critical in developing the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship. The relationship between the nurse and patient out of self-awareness is essential in the therapeutic healing of patients. Understanding oneself is a vital therapeutic tool for both communication and interpersonal relationship between the nursing care provider and the client(Van der Riet, Rossiter, Kirby, Dluzewska, Harmon, 2015). The process of understanding oneself or knowing yourself better is quite a difficult task which is time-consuming and stressful. The process does commence with the conscious awareness and the struggle to bring change via the continuous efforts. Self-awareness is a progressive act and requires more conscious efforts. This therapeutic skill requires the nurses to know more about themselves, and by doing, they would be in a good position to build a better therapeutic environment for the provision of nursing care s ervices and healing. Self-awareness is important in molding the professional life of a nurse and assist him/her to develop deep critical thinking and in-depth analysis skills. Lastly, self-awareness creates a viable ground for the nurse either registered, enrolled or student to understand his/her strengths and weakness. It is evident that the much the nurse is self-aware the greater a conducive therapeutic environment for the nursing care get promoted. In nursing practice, the nurses on duty do spend most of the time together with their clients than other fellow health professionals(Raab, 2014). Thus, self-awareness gets perceived as an essential tool for developing a therapeutic relationship. In accordance to Hildegard Peplau, the central task of the most basic professional school of nursing is viewed as the fullest development of the nurse as a person who is aware of how she functions in a situation (p. 606). The statement of Hildegard Peplau stresses on the necessity for self-awareness in the nursing education and also, in the provision of better nursing care. Therefore, it is quite recommendable that the nursing curricula be reviewed to include some of the aspects of the development of self-awareness(Leslie, Lonneman, Joa, Testad, Severinsson, 2015). Moreover, the registered professional nurses should get an opportunity to get guidance and learn more about self. This should get done in a gradual learning process. Conclusion Caring is indeed fundamental in the nursing practice, and it gets developed out of the therapeutic nursing. Therapeutic nursing leads to the creation of nurse-client relationship which got termed as a therapeutic relationship. This relationship is important in improving the patient-centered care since it has the basis of mutual trust and respect. Furthermore, it will result out of patients faith and hope, the self-sensitivity and feeling for others. In the essay, it is clear that empathy, warmth and trust, and self-awareness are amongst the major therapeutic nursing characteristics necessary for better patient outcome. Compassion encompasses the tender feeling a nurse has toward the suffering of the patient and the response he/she offers. While warmth and trust, show the nurse's closeness with the patient to fight loneliness and developing the patients belief and credence. Through trust, a patient would freely share her/his private and confidential with the nurse, thus, facilitating informed decision making and better treatment. Finally, self-awareness is all about oneself understanding and the nurses more knowledge about the patient she/he offers nursing care. Self-awareness is an essential tool in developing the therapeutic relationship. All the three therapeutic nursing characteristics get implemented through either introducing them in the nursing curricula for nursing students or creating opportunities for the registered nurses to attend for training since the therapeutic relationship is a continuous learning process. References Arnold, E. C., Boggs, K. U. (2015).Interpersonal relationships: Professional communication skills for nurses. Elsevier Health Sciences. Bridges, J., Nicholson, C., Maben, J., Pope, C., Flatley, M., Wilkinson, C., ... Tziggili, M. (2013). Capacity for care: meta?ethnography of acute care nurses' experiences of the nurse?patient relationship.Journal of Advanced Nursing,69(4), 760-772. Din, L., Gastmans, C. (2013). Trust in nursepatient relationships: A literature review.Nursing ethics,20(5), 501-516. Edvardsson, D., Watt, E., Pearce, F. (2017). Patient experiences of caring and person?centredness are associated with perceived nursing care quality.Journal of Advanced Nursing,73(1), 217-227. Knowles, S. F., Hearne, J., Smith, I. (2015). Physical restraint and the therapeutic relationship.The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry Psychology,26(4), 461-475. Leslie, J. L., Lonneman, W. (2016). Promoting Trust in the Registered Nurse-Patient Relationship.Home healthcare now,34(1), 38-42. Maruca, A. T., Daz, D. A., Kuhnly, J. E., Jeffries, P. R. (2015). Enhancing empathy in undergraduate nursing students: an experiential ostomate simulation.Nursing education perspectives,36(6), 367-371. Mirhaghi, A., Sharafi, S., Bazzi, A., Hasanzadeh, F. (2017). Therapeutic relationship: Is it still heart of nursing?.Nursing Reports,7(1). Raab, K. (2014). Mindfulness, self-compassion, and empathy among health care professionals: a review of the literature.Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy,20(3), 95-108. Rortveit, K., Hansen, B., Leiknes, I., Joa, I., Testad, I., Severinsson, I. E. (2015). Patients' experiences of trust in the patient-nurse relationship-a systematic review of qualitative studies. van der Riet, P., Rossiter, R., Kirby, D., Dluzewska, T., Harmon, C. (2015). Piloting a stress management and mindfulness program for undergraduate nursing students: Student feedback and lessons learned.Nurse education today,35(1), 44-49. Yang, C. P. P., Hargreaves, W. A., Bostrom, A. (2014). Association of empathy of nursing staff with reduction of seclusion and restraint in psychiatric inpatient care.Psychiatric Services,65(2), 251-254.

Analyse Nutella free essay sample

Southerners along with wealthy/successful individuals and elders (targeted for Original Nutella chocolate hazelnut) By implementing our marketing plan, we hope to achieve several goals and objectives within 3 years: ? Improve brand awareness ? Become leading general spread and breakfast in the U. S. ? Achieve greater market share by 35% increase in profits. We will use a differentiated strategy to position ourselves as the leader in the breakfast market by emphasizing out uniqueness, as well as our excellent quality through our taste, and through the positive image and high prestige of our company name. Moreover, we will focus our marketing efforts on shelving Nutella in an eye-catching spot in supermarkets, as well as advertisements on the radio, television, newspapers, and magazine. Also, our sale promotion will include samples and coupons. 1. Situation Analysis 1. 1 Macro environment Situation Nutella 3 Economic ConditionsIn times of economic recession, people are less willing to spend money on shopping goods like chocolate spreads. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse Nutella or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nevertheless, Americans are always looking for a â€Å"good deal. That’s why; we will price Nutella and its extensions at the most economical value and price for consumers as possible. TechnologicalModern technology can help in production of Nutella by making it more efficient and effective. As a result, Nutella can be price lower to serve the target market. Social and CulturalIn today’s society in the U. S. , life in general is very fast passed. Thus, people are looking for more convenient products. In addition, there is a growing concern and awareness about a healthy diet. According to a survey taken by 100 people who were told about Nutella and asked if they would try it and the overwhelming majority that said that they would not try Nutella said that it is because chocolate is an unhealthy and bad way to start your day with (please refer to the survey in the appendix). Nevertheless, we will emphasize that Nutella is in fact nutritious and contains vitamins and minerals from several ingredients like skim milk. DemographicsAs â€Å"baby boomers† are reaching senior status, many of them are living longer and spending lots of money on luxury items, entertainment, and travel. Therefore, we can take advantage of this growing trend, especially with Original Nutella chocolate hazelnut, to market our product, and encourage sales. 1. 2 Market Situation The producer of Nutella is the Ferreo Company, which is a private company in Italy. The group is headed by Ferrero International from Luxembourg, â€Å"has sped up its propensity for advertising investments and structure. For the second consecutive year since the beginning of the 1960’s, Ferrero has suffered a slowing down† (www. dowjones. com). Using the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) approach, Nutella is more like a â€Å"question mark† right now, that is trying to become a â€Å"star. † Ian another words, Nutella has a somewhat Nutella 4 high market growth rate with a slightly high market share. A question mark is basically defined as â€Å"a company with low-share business units in high growth markets. † Besides, they â€Å"require a lot of cash to hold their share† (Principals of Marketing: 54). The red circle below denotes approximately where Nutella is currently and the Blue arrow denotes where Nutella want to go. Market Growth Rate Star Question mark High Cash cow Dog Low High Low Relative Market Share Using the General Electric strategic business-planning grid we can show that Nutella has a high-Medium industry attractiveness and a strong business strength. In the chart below Nutella is denoted by the black circle. This suggests that Nutella should invest and as a result it will grow. The GE approach considers â€Å"[the industry attractiveness index, [determined by] market size and growth, industry profit margin, amount of competition, demand, and industry cost structure (Principals of Marketing: 55). Business Strength Strong Average Weak Nutella 5 High Industry attractiveness Medium Low Invest and Grow Maintain Investment Harvest or Divest Nutella 6 1. 3 Competitive Situation Key competitors for Nutella and its product extensions are listed below: TWIST: is a â€Å"real Dutch chocolate† it is banana flavored milk chocolate spread imported from Holland. It is manufactured by De Boer food Importers, Inc. ? We don’t believe that Twist will have a significant impact on our company, because Nutella and peanut butter swirl’s such high quality taste, nutrition, and natural ingredients. In addition, they do not have high arket share or sales in the U. S. or world market. Strengths ? ? ? ? ? Low price ($1. 99) Weaknesses Low company name and brand awareness Artificial flavoring Not as nutritious as Nutella Not advertised much MILKY WAY: is a chocolate flavored spread imported from Poland by master foods Polsa. ? Milky way is not very well known by the world or U. S. market. Also the company; Kozuszki Parcel is not well known. In addition, the product is not selling well and has very little awareness and market share. Strengths ? ? ? ? ? Slightly bigger jar than Nutella’s Weaknesses Low company name and brand awareness Artificial flavored chocolate Not advertised much On average priced . 60 cents higher than Nutella. JIF: is a peanut butter. ? Originally a product of Crisco and Proctor and Gamble, now is part of the Smucker Company. Jif is the top selling peanut butter in the U. S. with significant market share and sales. Nutella 7 Strengths: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? All American breakfast Well known brand name and awareness Lot’s of advertisement Priced on average two dollars less than Nutella Weaknesses: Not unique Not as healthy as Nutella Not very versatile ? Nutri-grain bars might have a potential impact on the sale of Nutella bars. Not only is Nutri-grain one of the top selling breakfast bars in the U. S it is very well known, and might pose a potential threat to Nutella bars. It is also manufactured by Kelloggs, one of the top breakfast companies in the U. S. STREANGHTS ? ? ? ? Well known brand and in U. S. market Very healthy, specially for breakfast NUTRI-GRAIN: are cereal bars with whole grain oats, wheat, and fruit. WEAKNESSES In general does not taste as good as chocolate or Nutella Not unique 1. 4 Target Buyer or End User Situation Our target buyers will include, children between the ages of 4 and 13 and their parents, college students, and southerners and wealthy or successful Americans and elders. As Nutella 8 discussed in detail in the market segments and target analysis these groups will be target further buy their: ? ? ? Demographics Psychographics Lifestyles In addition their wants, needs, attitudes, and perceptions are define in detail in the market segments and target analysis in section five of this marketing plan. It is important to point out that many of our target consumer markets are growing in the U. S. Children between the ages of 4 and 13 make up over 6. 5 million of the U. S. population (www. census. gov). In addition, seniors are growing because of longer life span to a whopping 26 million of the U. S. population (www. census. gov). Nutella 9 1. 5 Product Situation So, how is Nutella doing presently? SALES Gross profit: 1,200,000 Net profit: 610,000 PROFITS Decline in profits from 1997 to 1998, from 1,346,189 to 1,392,000 TURNOVER RATE: 3. 3 percent Distribution trends and development Nutella is available on-line at www. nutellausa. com and www. yahoo. com amongst others. In addition, Nutellas web cite offers a store locator for U. S. consumers. Evidently Nutella is available at all major supermarkets nation wide. From our research, we discovered that Nutella is available in all major supermarkets in southern California and other major cities around the U. S. including: Food-for-less, Alberson’s, Vons, Ralphs, and Pavilions. Marketing spending history In recent years, Nutella has been getting increasing promotions. For example, currently, Kobe Bryant of the Los Angeles Lakers is featured on the Nutella jar with his favorite recipe. In addition, there is a contest to win season tickets to Lakers games. Moreover, in 1998 the â€Å"Got milk? † campaign gave away goodie bags containing of sample size products and inserts from various products including Nutella (www. dowjones. com/ptg. djnr). After the program, a research was conducted that revealed that Nutella â€Å"showed a 75 percent increase in product sale in participating stores during the sampling event, as well as a sustained 25 percent increase the month following the promotion† (www. dowjones. com/ptg. djnr). 1. 6 Distribution Situation DOMESTIC MARKET Risen by 2. percent Nutella 10 VOLUME Risen by 6. 7 percent GROWTH POTENTIAL ? Growth of sales volume is the result of growth of praline and snack divisions, as well as Estathe and Nutella products world wide, specifically in Europe (www. dowjones. com/story_clean). ? Great success of other Ferrero products in the U. S. yield a strong potential for growth of Ferrero company as a whole, as well as Nutella and its product extensions. ? So, Nutella bars and Nutella and peanut butter swirls have very strong potential to raising profits and market share for Ferrero in the U. S. Nutella 11 2. SWOT Analysis Summary 2. 1 Internal Analysis Summary 2. 2. 1. STRENGTHS ? Nutella has captured the European marketNutella is already the leading breakfast spread in Germany, and a popular after-school snack in France and Italy. Nutella is to Europeans what peanut butter is to Americansa tradition. Europeans love Nutella and have it with everything. It is widely available everywhere. However, Nutella has not been as popular in the US. ? Product is positioned as unique and of high-quality in taste and nutritionNutella is a very unique product in the U. S. and is of high quality. It has a one of the kind taste that is very delicious. There are not many chocolate hazelnut spreads from Europe available in the U. S. There are a few imitation brands, but Nutella is the original brand that has been available in the US for 15 years. Nutella is a high quality product with fine ingredients that offers nutrition as well as taste. ? Broad appeal to many market segmentsNutella appeals to a wide variety of people, not just specific segments. Most people like to have various spreads like: peanut butter, jam, chocolate, hazelnut, and banana, on their breads to add flavor. Nutella appeals to so many different segments ranging from children, to upper middle class mature adults. However, these different segments can be recognized and targeted differently because different groups react differently to different marketing mixes, promotions, and advertisements. Since Nutella appeals to so many people, they do not have to depend only on sales from a small market; there are many profitable opportunities. ? Variety of consumption methodsNutella can be eaten in a variety of ways on many different things- it can be eaten on bread, donuts, bagels, crackers, fruits, anything! There are several recipes that can be made from Nutella as well. It is a versatile spread put on anything that needs some Nutella 12 flavoring. It can be personalized to the way the consumer wants it. Therefore, the customer is more likely to be satisfied with the product. ? High company awareness from other popular brands (Tic Tac, Rocher)Many people already know about other brands that Ferrero makes like Tic Tacs, Kinder Surprise Eggs, and Rocher candy. Tic Tac is very popular in the US and advertised well on television. If Nutella is linked with Tic Tac somehow through price bundles or joint advertising, Nutella brand awareness can increase. Also, if one brand has a good name, it can have a good effect on another brand from that same company. 2. 2. 2. ? WEAKNESSES Low Nutella brand awareness in the USMany people do not even know what Nutella is in the US. Results from surveys taken at CSUN show that not many people are even aware of the product. The select few who have heard about it, do not really know much about it. If Nutella were better known more people would probably be willing to buy it. It should be advertised on Nutella 13 television and with coupons in supermarkets. Television ads would really increase awareness because there are so many Americans who watch television. ? Not advertised wellNutella has not been advertised well in the US. No advertisements of any type have been made besides the Kobe Bryant pictures on the jar. However, these Kobe Bryant ads don’t really help because people have to find Nutella first before they realize that Kobe Bryant is associated with it. There are a few ads in sports magazines, but this is only reaching a small portion of the US market. Nutella needs to be widely advertised with television commercials and in-store samples, promotions, and coupons. If Nutella is advertised better, sales will most likely increase because Americans will be more aware of the product. ? Higher price than peanut butter competitorsNutella is priced higher than its biggest competition in the US- peanut butter. Peanut butter is a long-standing tradition in the US, so Nutella should kept its price comparable to peanut butter. Many Americans will not pay more for Nutella over peanut butter unless they are convinced that Nutella is somehow better and of higher quality. If Nutella wants to keep their high price, they rally need to convince the American market that it is worth that price. Nutella must emphasize their uniqueness and high quality to the market. Buyers must become loyal to the Nutella brand, so that price does not matter because they must have the product. ? Not placed on shelf in eye-catching spotNutella is not really placed on the shelves in an eye-catching spot. It is placed right next to its biggest competition, peanut butter. This is not a good place for it to be shelved because most Americans would just buy peanut butter without even looking for Nutella. Also, Nutella is usually placed down low or in a spot not easy to find. If it paid stores to put it in a better spot, it would probably sell better. Maybe some coupons placed under it would attract buyers as well. Nutella 14 ? Americans perceive chocolate as being unhealthyFrom the CSUN poll, it was found that many people perceive Nutella as being unhealthy (please refer to Appendix for further data on survey). Since it contains cocoa, Americans think peanut butter is healthier. The thought of spreading chocolate on bread for breakfast every morning does not do much for many Americans. This is not a big part of their culture as it is in Europe. Nutella should advertise to the American market that their product is indeed healthy. The ingredients including skim milk and hazelnuts should be emphasized in the advertisements. 2. 2 2. 2. 1. ? External Analysis Summary OPPORTUNITIES Faster pace of life, less time to cookIt is currently the information age. The pace of life is much faster, especially in America compared to Europe. People have less time to cook in the morning, and want to make something that is quick. Nutella hazelnut spread solves this problem. All one has to do is spread it on bagels, bread, muffins, crackers, anything. It is fast and adds instant flavor to any breakfast. ? Internet usage has greatly increasedInternet usage keeps on increasing and computers are working their way into every aspect of business. Many companies sell products online in addition to their regular stores. This is a big opportunity for Nutella to increase awareness and advertising online. ? Americans watch many hours of TV per week- Nutella 15 When Americans watch television, they are exposed to many advertisements during commercial breaks. Most people find out about products from the ads they see on TV or hear on the radio. This is a big opportunity to advertise Nutella. If some television ads for Nutella are aired, the millions of TV viewers will see these ads and become aware of this product. ? American love of European trendsMany Americans love the European culture. European lifestyles and cultures are portrayed as cool in the media through magazines, TV shows, and European films. Nutella can be seen as a trendy European spread. Those who like Europe and all the things that go along with it should be targeted. Nutella 16 2. 2. 2. THREATS ? High competition from leading peanut butter brandsPeanut butter is a long-standing American tradition. Nutella can set itself apart from the competition with a more-for-more competitive advantage. This can be accomplished by emphasizing Nutella’s variety, quality, uniqueness, and personalization of spread on different foods ? Imitation chocolate spreadsNutella’s popularity has led to many imitation brands trying to outdo Nutella. Many of these brands, although imitations, are becoming threats. Some of these brands are doing well and are trying to get ahead of Nutella. Nutella must watch these competitors to make sure they don’t take over. ? Bad economic cycles / statesPeanut butter and spreads are generally shopping goods. Therefore, during times of economic downturn and recession people will not be as apt to buy peanut butter or special chocolate and hazelnut spreads. Instead, people will be concerned with first buying the necessities like water, fruits, meats, and soup. During economic downturns, advertising must be increased and reasons given as to why it is so important to buy this product. SUMMARY OF SWOT ANALYSIS INTERNAL EXTERNAL Strengths Opportunities S1: Nutella has captures European Market O1: Faster pace of life, less time to cook S2: Unique product with high quality in taste nutrition O2: Internet usage has greatly increased S3: Broad appeal to many market segments O3: Americans watch many hours of TV per week S4: Variety of consumption methods O4: Americans love of European trends S5: High company awareness Weaknesses Threats W1: Low Nutella brand awareness in U. S. T1: High competition from leading peanut butter brands W2: Not advertised well T2: Imitation chocolate spreads W3: Higher price than peanut butter competitors T3: Bad economic cycles / states W4: Not placed on shelf in eye-catching spot W5: Americans perception that chocolate is unhealthy Nutella 17 3. Issue Analysis 3. 1. Critical Success Factors Nutella has four main critical success factors: ? ? ? Establishing more brand awareness in the US with Nutella bars and Nutella and peanutbutter swirls Providing a high-quality product through its taste, and natural and nutritious ingredients Providing a product that is unique Proving a product that on versatile The combination of these three success factors will give Nutella a competitive advantage in the peanut butter and chocolate spread markets. Nutella must be positioned as it is- a highquality tasting and nutritious, unique product. Americans must be aware of Nutella and know that it is a special product that is worth paying a few extra dollars for. We want to emphasize Nutella as a product that is very unique with a taste unlike any other spread brands. Besides, many imitation brands do not even come close to the great blend of taste created by Nutella’s ingredients. Nutella is a unique product that has been around for many the early 1900’s. Thus, Nutella’s attributes will most likely increase sales and market share. Furthermore, Nutella can increase brand awareness in the U. S. with advertisements, and line and brand extensions. 3. 2 Alternatives To make its business even more successful, Nutella can choose from several strategies to implement. These include the following: Nutella 18 ? Market Development: Nutella must develop its American market. Although it has gained great popularity in Europe, many Americans still are not even aware of this product. A concentrated strategy can be used here to segment the American market into a few sub-segments that can be targeted individually. Different advertising themes can be used to appeal to different segments. ? Market Penetration: expand market share in current U. S. chocolate and peanut butter spread markets with radio and television ads, using Nutella promotions linked with other Ferrero brands, and gaining better shelf locations. ? Product Development: create two other types of Nutella line extensions: ? Nutella bars- for those with a busy lifestyle and who do not have much time to prepare meals ? Peanut butter-Nutella swirls and Nutella-peanut butter swirls- used as a transition product to gradually bring peanut butter users to try Nutella. ? First, Peanut butter-Nutella swirls (more peanut butter, less Nutella) will be marketed; then, Nutella-Peanut butter swirls. 3. 3 Evaluation of the Alternatives ? Concentrated market development: Segmenting the various groups of the American market with help Nutella focus its advertising on specific segments. This will have a more lasting impact and affect because the ads will relate more to the target groups. However, this will be more costly than mass marketing because it requires more time, research, and advertising money. Yet it may be worth the extra effort if it makes a more lasting impact on potential customers. Nutella 19 ? Penetrate: Creating and airing television and radio ads for Nutella will increase brand awareness to a great extent. Ads can be costly, but the increased awareness and sales will make up for it. Better, more noticeable helf locations and joint promotional efforts will also increase brand awareness and hopefully market share in turn. ? Product Line Extensions: Nutella bars will bring in an additional source of revenue and create awareness of the original Nutella spread. In addition, peanut butter-Nutella swirls and Nutella-peanut butter swirls will help the company gradually recruit new users from peanut butter spreads to chocolate spreads. The production of the se products is costly, but if awareness and profits increase as a result, and eventually these costs will be canceled out. 3. Recommendations In order to take advantage of the full potential of Nutella, we have decided to try four of the alternatives in the Unites States: Original Nutella chocolate-hazelnut spread, Peanut butter-Nutella swirls, Nutella-Peanut butter swirls, and Nutella bars. All of these three strategies will work well to: ? Increase market share ? Increase brand awareness ? Increase profits It should be noted that Peanut butter-Nutella swirls will be marketed first, then depending on interest and sale of product, we will introduce Nutella-peanut butter swirls about 4-6 Nutella 20 onths later, after which we will promote Original Nutella chocolate hazelnut to this segment (kids 4-13 year old and their parents) as well. Moreover, concentrated market development will increase brand awareness, which in turn can increase sales and market share. Penetration increases awa reness and Product development provides an additional way to gain extra revenue. Nutella 21 4. Marketing Goals and Objectives 4. 1 Nutella’s Mission Statement: Due to their great success in the European market, Ferrero is ready to introduce Nutella to all American people, from various backgrounds, ages, and lifestyles. At Fererro, our primary mission is to introduce Nutella to all people around the U. S. , as being a unique and of excellent quality in taste and ingredients. In addition, we want all Americans to gain confidence that Nutella- the original and most delicious chocolate hazelnut spread in the world- is the best choice for them. 4. 2 Market Definition Nutella- the original and supreme chocolate hazelnut spread in the world- will deliver taste, nutrition, versatility, and convieneince to the American breakfast tables. In addition, both the mission statement and the market definition for Nutella indicates Ferrero’s incentive to introduce itself to the U. S market as a unique product that will promise ultimate satisfaction and excellence to its buyers. 4. 3 Technological Changes Nutella 22 Since Nutella has been produced for many years in Italy where it was first originally made, Fererro the producer of Nutella has all the capabilities to meet the demand with the present facilities. However the fact that we are developing a new market, which is far from our origin, will change the way we’ll meet the demand in the U. S. Besides, the distance that exists between United State and Europe can cause a potential delay for distribution. Also the duration and time period that takes to manufacture the goods to the American market will most likely take a longer time period than needed. As a result, customers might not purchase Nutella products because it might not be available when wanted, which will hurt Nutella’s image and demand of potential customers. Hence, in order to prevent Nutella from these two possible threats, the following options will be concisely reviewed. Option one The first option is to build a factory in the U. S. Presently, Ferrero- the manufacturer of Nutella- produces some of its product in state of New Jersey. But still Nutella is shipped from Italy to Europe. Hence, if a factory is built, it can cut cost and help make the delivery Nutella faster. Although, the factory should be set up so it only meets 50 percent of expected future demand in the U. S. market. The reason for the limitation is to safeguard the investment of a new factory, so that incase of a loss or low demand, the damage won’t be so extreme. Option two The second option could be to improve our delivery as well as communication to our consumers. In order to achieve this alternative we need to improve our time efficiency cost to cost in the U. S. So, we will build a warehouse in five regions around the U. S. The Nutella 23 approximate location of each warehouse will in following cities: Los Angeles, Utah, Houston, Springfield, and New Jersey. Furthermore, a developed computer system will be connecting all of these warehouses to one another. This system will provide a place for inventory, and will serve as a warehouse for distributors and retailers. In addition, this system will be beneficial to distributors and retailers around the U. S. Moreover, this system will be beneficial to those distributors and retailers who have stores in different states, as it will help them receive shipments faster. To sum it up, this system will help us be more efficient and cost effective in distributing Nutella products. Nutella 24 4. 3 Financial Objectives Increase the overall sale by 35% within the first 12 months and 50 percent within the following two years. ? Ferrero will try to increase sale by 35 percent by 2003, and 50 percent by 2005. The first year increase in sales wont be affected by technological changes. ? Nutella’s annual sales has bee estimated to be 1. 2 million a year in U. S. market, which is relatively low compared to overall spreads in the U. S. Allocation of the required funds for our advertising campaign. ? Proctor and Gamble, the manufacturer of Jif Peanut butter spends several million on advertising for an establi shed name brand, which has accounted for its success. ? Accordingly, for Nutella, in order to create strong brand awareness, a similar size budget will be required. We estimate that we will spend approximately between 35-45 percent of our profits on advertising and promotions. Allocation for required funds for improving shipping and handling ? By comparing and contrasting the two options reviewed in section 4. 2, we conclude that the second option- which will help us achieve faster and effective delivery service- will help Nutella be distributed in a more efficient and cost effective way. ? This option will acquire, a great budget estimated to be about $1,368,000 annually for five warehouses. The chart below specifies the costs of 5 warehouses: Nutella 25 Estimated rent per 6000 square feet (Average 8000*12) Estimated direct labor cost [($1200 per month*4) *12] (Four required in each warehouse full time) Estimated administrative expenses (1600*12) Estimated utility Cost (700*12) Estimated Manager Salaries (2500*12) (One per warehouse) Estimated Office Secretary Salary [(15,00*12)*2] (2 per location) Estimated cost of lease truck [(15,000*12)*2] (Two per location) Miscellaneous Cost (800*12) Total Total for all five locations $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 96,000. 00 57,600. 00 19,200. 00 84,000. 00 30,000. 00 36,000. 00 16,800. 00 9,600. 00 $273,600 * 5) $ 273,600. 00 $ 1,368,000. 00 Nutella 26 5. Target Market and Positioning 5. 1 Market Segments and Target Analysis Breakfast market in the U. S. The breakfast market world wide consists generally of Jam, Marmalade, chocolate spread, lemon curd, sweet spreads (honey, syrup, and treacle), and peanut butter. To get the statistics for the U. S. market, we have multiplied each number by 50 per cent, since the U. S. generated 50 percent of sales in the world. Percentage up or down Jam Down 0. 05 % Marmalade Down 2% Chocolate Spread Up 5% Lemon Curd Down 1% Honey, Syrup, and Treacle Up 2. % Peanut butter Up 2. 5% Breakfast item Hence, it is evident from the table above that sale of chocolate spread is up by approximately 5% in the America. Accordingly this is an opportunity for Nutella: to become the leader and raise the sales of the Chocolate spread market. (www. dowjones. com/story_clean) Geographics, psychographics, and segmentation. Nutella 27 Target Market 4-13 year olds and their parents College students Income/class Middle-low class Generation Gen. X Echo Boomers NA Middle-low class Southern U. S. Wealthy/Successful Individuals And elders Middle-Upper class NA Benefits Quality Economic Pricing Convenience Convenience Speed Economic pricing Quality Uniqueness As shown in the table above the first target market, the 4-13 year olds and their parents, will generally be targeted toward middle and low class income families, generation X and echo boomers, and will offer benefits such as quality taste and ingredients, economic pricing, and convenience. Similarly, the college students will be targeted for behavioral variables such as convenience, speed, and economic pricing, as well as their income and lifestyle. Finally, the Southern U. S, and seniors along with middle and upper class individuals will be targeted because studies show that they are more likely to have breakfast (U. S. News World Report: 11/97). 5. 2 Target Market Extend the Nutella success to the U. S. Nutella 28 For the most part, Ferrero has captured the European market with Nutella hazelnut chocolate spread. Some of these countries include: Germany, France, and Italy. In general, Nutella has been marketed and has captured kids twelve and younger, as well as adults and teens. Like peanut butter is â€Å"America’s favorite,† Nutella is European’s choice. We propose a plan to expand the market segments from the European market to the United States market. Our goal is to make Nutella an all American Breakfast and convenient spread. Three market and three versions of Nutella Product line extension of Nutella will consist of: ? Original Nutella chocolate-hazelnut spread ? Peanut butter-Nutella swirls and Nutella-Peanut butter swirls ? Nutella bars Target market 4-13 year olds and parents College Students Nutella product Peanut butter-Nutella swirls Nutella-Peanut butter swirls Nutella bars Southerners and elders Original Nutella Wealthy/Successful individuals Chocolate-Hazelnut Children Between 4-13 And Their Parents Concisely, for the children between the ages of four and thirteen along with their parents we will propose a combination of Nutella and peanut butter spread swirls as a transition product. In a recent publishing by The Grocer, it has been detected that â€Å"sales of chocolate spreads and peanut butter [are] healthy, indicating greater parental indulgence in children’s products† (lexis-nexis. com/universe). Thus, with the Nutella swirls we will attempt to offer this group something similar to their traditional â€Å"American† spread (peanut butter). As a result, we predict that this group will like the Nutella chocolate and peanut butter swirls so much, that they will eventually go for a Jar of original Nutella hazelnut spread instead of a jar of peanut butter or Nutella and peanut butter swirls. Nutella 29 College Students Similarly, for the college students, we will propose the Nutella bars. Since most college students are busy and don’t have much time to cook breakfast, Nutella bars will be a great alternative. It is made especially for people on the go who want to have a quick breakfast. Southerners and Wealthy/Successful People and elders Finally, we will target wealthy and or successful individuals along with southern Americans. Statistics show that this group is more likely to eat breakfast (U. S. News 1997). Thus, It is evident that this group has the time and money to have a traditional breakfast. Hence, we will attempt to encourage this group to try and buy original Nutella chocolatehazelnut spread since they can afford the higher price. Also, it is important to point out that elders (seniors) are living longer, and consuming luxury or shopping goods, which Nutella fits into. Nutella 30 5. 3 Positioning Differentiation strategy approach In trying to implement our plan, we will take a differentiation strategy approach. Not only is the maker of Nutella, Ferrero a well-known and top company world wide, it is especially regarded for its prestige and line of fine products, such as Rocher, Tic Tac’s, and Kinder- eggs. Similarly, Nutella’s position is based on its: ? Uniqueness ? Excellence in quality through our ? Great taste Notoriousness ? Convenience and Versatility In addition, the different lines of Nutella: including the original Nutella-chocolate hazelnut spread, the Nutella and peanut butter swirls, and the Nutella bar appeal and meet the specific wants of each market segment. Furthermore, we predict that Nutella will be a chocolate spread market leader in the United States as it has been in Europe. F urthermore, to paint a more clear picture we have demonstrated Nutella’s position as compared with Twist and Peanut butter on various characteristics. Nutella 1 Nutella=red V= Versatile Twist=blue U= Uniqueness Peanut butter=green N=Nutritious D= Delicious Fig B-1 UV NUTTELA TWIST PEANUT BUTTER Fig B-1 When we compare Nutella with twist and Peanut Butter we will position Nutella as a more versatile and more unique product compare with its competitor U V Fig B-2 TWIST NUTTELA PEANUT BUTTER N Fig B-2 Since Nutella has been positioned as a more nutritious product compare to its competitors. In here we place Nutella higher compare to Twist and Peanut Butter Nutella 32 V Fig B-3 TWIST NUTTELA PEANUT BUTTER D Fig B-3 This Graph shows Nutella as a more versatile product compare to its competitors twist and peanut butter. Also Nutella has been proved to be more delicious and for this reason we place Nutella in a higher place. Nutella 33 6. Marketing Mix 6. 1 Product Mix Nutella provides â€Å"The Ultimate Chocolate Experience† by offering a hazelnut spread that can be eaten with a variety of foods and enjoyed any time of the day. The combination of roasted hazelnut, skim milk and cocoa create a creamy, chocolaty taste with a hint of that roasted nut flavor that will delight your taste buds as you enjoy each delicious mouthful. Nutella will use its company name Ferrero to launch our new product development plans for Original Nutella chocolate hazelnut Spread, Peanut butter-Nutella swirls, NutellaPeanut butter Swirls, and Nutella Bars. Nutella will capitalize on its company name to promote brand awareness. Original Nutella chocolate hazelnut is a delicious creamy chocolaty hazelnut spread that can be eaten with a variety of foods and enjoyed any time of the day. Peanut butter-Nutella swirls and Nutella-peanut butter swirls are delicious peanut butter spread with creamy Nutella swirls. Nutella Bars are delicious for an on-the-go meal or an easy after-school snack. Packaging Nutella 34 ? Sales Task: Our promotional trial pack will be shaped like a squirrel. The squirrel shaped design will attract consumer attention. The jar attracts children to purchase the product because of its unique characteristic. The dispensing method for this package is more convenient and cleaner than the traditional jar shape attracting more sales revenue. ? Competitive advantages: Our jar will be 5% larger than our competition spread jars that are traditionally 18ozs. The larger jar will give our company a competitive edge by attracting American consumers that believe that â€Å"bigger is better. (please note that this alternative will be looked into in the future; 3 year or more) ? Product safety: Our Company, like many others will support the benefits of our packaging to consumers directly and even initiate recycling programs to save the environment. Not only is this packaging more environmentally responsible, it also provides economic and distribution advantages. To this means we have been continually reworking our packaging for better corporate identity, providing a more attractive package, a very important ingredient in the food industry. 6. 2 Pricing Mix Pricing strategy for various products ? Nutella original chocolate hazelnut will set its prices so that it can achieve product quality leadership above its competitors. Price says a lot about our product. Their Nutella 35 higher prices will give the illusion that their product is worth more. We are not afraid of establishing premium pricing for a premium product. o Its price is on average $3. 99-$4. 29 ? Peanut butter-Nutella swirls and Nutella peanut butter swirls will be priced below the industry average for the spreads market. Although we will make money off the Nutella Swirls, we consider this a â€Å"Loss Leader† strategy. Whereby unique product taste and quality will make customer curious and attracted to our additional product lines. o These products will be price similar to Peanut butter prices: between $1. 99 and $2. 95 ? Nutella Bars will be priced competitively. Even though we are subject to some impulse buying, we can provide a product to be resold at a generous mark-up for our dealers, while still providing a satisfactory experience for the customer. o At a retail range of $2. 79 to $3. 05 per box of (6-8) Nutella Bars, we cover the mid-to-upper price range of the breakfast market, while roviding a 33% margin for the dealers. 6. 3 Promotion Mix Sales promotions and public relations Sales promotions and public relations strategies will work together to inform customers of new products, to encourage an image of community involvement, and to limit environmental impact. Nutella will spend close to half a million dollars to build brand awareness and a loyal customer base. Marketing efforts will be f ocused on the target market, and the campaign will Nutella 36 run the entirety of 2001-2003, increasing roughly 35 percent per year to match interested sales revenue. The marketing budget will consistently equal almost 35-45 percent of sales. Advertising We will differentiate Nutella from imitation brands through aggressive advertising and promotional campaigns that demonstrate our unique quality taste, ingredients, as well as convenience, versatility and commitment. The advertising strategy Nutella will consist of advertising in the following media: ? ? Radio: Our ads will be concentrated strongly on the city’s top radio station among our target market segments. We will run regular ads to create brand awareness. Television: Through commercial repetition, a teaser campaign, and the use of catchy phrases, we hope to obtain intellectual ownership of our target market segments: when they think of a delicious and nutritious breakfast food they’ll have to think of Nutella. ? ? ? Newspaper: Sunday News, Daily Times Magazines: Highlights, People, Times, and various cooking magazines. Direct Mail: Flyers sent to mailing list The initial media blitz will be allocated as 10% radio, 45% television, 25% newspaper, 15% magazines, and 5% direct mail. These expenders will be based n 35-45 percent of total sales for the first two years, and then reduced to 25-35 percent of total sales thereafter. Sales promotional advertising ? Samples: Nutella samples will be handed out in grocery stores to introduce new product line. The samples will be accompanied with a â€Å"bounce-back offer† using a buy one get one free offer that promotes the customer to make an after sample purchase. ? Coupons: Accordi ng to a survey published by Dartnell Corporation â€Å"customers clipped 4. 8 billion coupons last year with an average face value of 70 cents, for a total savings Nutella 37 of 3. 4 billion dollars. † Coupons will stimulate sales of Nutella and promote early trial of our new products. ? Point-of-Purchase (POP) promotion: Our Company will offer a five-foot high cardboard display of Nutella next to Nutella spreads. Our company will offer a variety of POP materials, tying them in with television and print messages, and offering to set them up. ? Allowance: Promotional money will be offered to persuade resellers to carry our brand, give it eye-catching shelf space, promote it in advertising, and push it to customers. Currently Nutella is placed on the very top shelves and not in the center shelves where is about eye-level. Public Relations ? Press relations or press agentry: we will spend some of our Television advertising budget to have Nutella and its products be marketed in the news media to attract Americans to trying Nutella and its extensions. ? Investor relations: we hope to maintain and gain relationships with shareholders and others in the financial community. In addition, we will look into offering stock to the U. S. arket exchange (currently Ferrero/Nutella only trades in the European market). ? In the future (5 years or more) we will consider building brand awareness through our Nutella Cafe, leading greater word of mouth marketing. Nutella Cafe will implement a pull strategy in order to build consumer awareness and demand. Nutella Cafe has budgeted $6,000 for promotional efforts that will include advertising with coupons in local publications to attract consumers to Cafe shops. Nutel la 38 6. 4 Place Mix Distribution Strategy for retailers Our Company will use intensive distribution. It is a very popular breakfast in European countries, such as Italy, France, and Germany. (1) Do you think you would try this product? (Yes or No) (1a) Why or Why not? Please specify: (2) What do you usually have for breakfast? a. Creal b. Peanut butter c. Cream cheese d. Other, Please specify: (3) How old are you? a. 18-28 b. 29-38 c. 39-49 d. 50 or older Nutella ? ? ? ? The survey was given at California State University, Northridge, and so it applies primarily to 18 to 28 year olds. 100 people were surveyed: 26 of which had heard of Nutella, and 74 whom had not heard of Nutella. There were two sets of surveys one for the people who have heard of Nutella and one for the people who have not heard of Nutella. These charts briefly summarize the results. People who knew what Nutella was: How old are you? 18-28 29-38 39-49 50 or older 100% 0% 0% 0% How often do you buy Nutella? Regularly Often Rarely 0% 4% 96% If you dont buy and eat Nutella Too expensive Dont like it Cant find it easily Not motivated on regular basis, why not? 33% 11% 11% 44% Can you find Nutella easily in supermarkets? Yes No 55% 45% What do you eat usually for breakfast? Cereal Peanut butter Cream cheese Other 44% 11% 11% 44%

10 Ser Conjugation Charts For Every Tense in Spanish

10 Ser Conjugation Charts For Every Tense in Spanish SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the hardest parts of learning a romance language- especially one like Spanish- is verb conjugation. In Spanish, the way a verb is conjugated depends on a number of factors, including the subject, the verb tense, and the purpose of the sentence itself. That means that there are actually many versions of each verb, all of which mean something slightly different. And because so much of understanding Spanish revolves around verbs, it’s an important (though pretty confusing) part of learning Spanish as a second language. If you’re taking the AP Spanish exam, ser is one of the most critical verbs that you need to know- and know how to conjugate. Unfortunately, the conjugations for ser can be pretty tricky. But we’re here to help. In this article, we’ll give you every possible verb conjugation for the Spanish verb ser, which means â€Å"to be.† We’ll even give you a quick rundown on what ser means and when to use it! So†¦  ¡si estan listos, vamos! It's time to do like Dora and "Come on, vamanos!"Loren Javier/Flickr Every Single Ser Conjugation Chart We’ve broken down every conjugation of ser by verb tense and form! Scroll down until you see the heading for the verb tense you need, then check out the corresponding chart below. Present Indicative Yo soy Nosotros somos Tà º eres Vosotros sois Usted/El/Ella es Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas son Imperfect Indicative Yo era Nosotros à ©ramos Tà º eras Vosotros erais Usted/El/Ella era Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas eran Preterite Indicative Yo fui Nosotros fuimos Tà º fuiste Vosotros fuisteis Usted/El/Ella fue Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas fueron Future Indicative Yo serà © Nosotros seremos Tà º sers Vosotros serà ©is Usted/El/Ella ser Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas sern Conditional Yo serà ­a Nosotros serà ­amos Tà º serà ­as Vosotros serà ­ais Usted/El/Ella serà ­a Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas serà ­an Present Subjunctive Yo sea Nosotros seamos Tà º seas Vosotros seis Usted/El/Ella sea Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas sean Imperative or Command Yo - - Nosotros seamos Tà º sà © Vosotros sed Usted/El/Ella sea Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas sean Imperfect Subjunctive Note that there are two conjugations for the imperfect subjunctive. In Spanish, these conjugation forms can be used interchangeably! Yo fuera Nosotros fuà ©ramos Tà º fueras Vosotros fuerais Usted/El/Ella fuera Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas fueran Yo fuese Nosotros fuà ©semos Tà º fueses Vosotros fueseis Usted/El/Ella fuese Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas fuesen All Perfect Tenses A quick note: there are multiple perfect tenses, including the pluperfect, preterite perfect, future perfect, conditional perfect, and present perfect subjunctive, and pluperfect subjunctive. When using these forms, the construction is always as follows: Conjugation of haber + sido You’ll conjugate haber in whatever form accompanies the perfect tense. For example, if you’re using the future perfect, you’ll conjugate haber in future tense! Yo sido Nosotros sido Tà º sido Vosotros sido Usted/El/Ella sido Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas sido Dad joke of the day: "Ser" means "to be," not "two bees" Meaning and Usage of Ser As we mentioned earlier, ser means â€Å"to be† in Spanish. But if you’re studying Spanish, you know that there’s a second verb that means â€Å"to be† as well: estar. (We’ll talk about estar in another article, so you don’t need to worry about it now.) Additionally, ser is an irregular verb. That means it doesn’t follow the normal patterns of conjugations that a regular verb- ike hablar (to speak) or vivir (to live)- do. Unfortunately, there’s no easy tip, trick, or formula to help you nail the ser conjugation each and every time. The only way to make sure you know the ser conjugations is to memorize them. So how do you know when to use ser? In general, ser is used to talk about what something is. You can think of ser as a way to talk about a thing’s permanent state or a set of characteristics that don’t change. To show you how this works, here are examples of situations that require you to use ser: Time and Date If you’re talking about a specific time (on a clock) or calendar date, you should use ser. Example: Hoy es Martes.Today is Tuesday. Example: Son las dos. It’s two o’clock. Place of Origin and Nationality Whenever you’re talking about someone’s home country, state, or where they were born, use a ser conjugation. Example: Claudio es puertorriqueà ±o. Claudio is Puerto Rican. Example: El es de Alemania.He is from Germany. Occupation or Profession Use the appropriate version of ser when speaking about a person’s job, profession, or occupation. Example: Mi abuela era doctora en Chile. My grandmother was a doctor in Chile. Example: Adela es arquitecta.Adela is an architect. Religious or Political Affiliation Use ser when you’re talking about someone’s religion or the political party they belong to. Example: El presidente de los estados unidos es republicano. The president of the United States is Republican. Example: Martin es un cristiano, entonces à ©l quiere ir a una colegio cristiano.Martin is a Christian, so he wants to go to a Christian college. What Something Is Made Of When describing what something is made of, use ser. If you’re discussing how something is made, you’ll need to use a verb like hacer (to make) instead. Example: La bicicleta es de metal. The bicycle is made of metal. Example: Los boletos son de papel.The tickets are made of paper. Possession When you’re talking about what something belongs to, use ser. This is how you indicate ownership! Example: Mitzi es la perra de Miguel. Mitzi is Miguel’s dog. Example: Esos libros fueron del seà ±or Villareal.Those books belonged to Mr. Villareal. Permanent Relationships of One Person to Another Use ser to indicate how people are related to one another. Example: Ella es la amiga de Laura. She is Laura’s friend Example: Seà ±ora Mariz es la mam de Juan.Mrs. Mariz is Juan’s mother. Where an Event Is Taking Place Use a ser conjugation to talk about the time and location of a specific event. Example: La conferencia es a las siete en la noche. The conference is at seven p.m. Example: La pasada copa del mundo fue en Rusia.The last World Cup was in Russia. Essential Characteristics of People and Things When deciding between ser and estar to talk about characteristics, use ser when you’re talking about permanent, unchanging, and/or essential traits of a person or item. Example: Colombia es un paà ­s grande. Colombia is a big country. Example: Josà © y Clara son amables.Josà © and Clara are friendly. Generalizations If you’re talking in large generalities, use a ser conjugation. Example: La prueba fue muy difà ­cil. The test was very difficult. Example:  ¡Es fabuloso viajar!It’s fabulous to travel! What's Next? If you’re preparing for the AP Spanish exam, that’s great! You might also look into other classes that offer AP exams in order to maximize your college credit and weighted GPA. Wondering what a good AP score is for the AP Spanish exam? Here’s a list of the average AP scores for every AP test! One of the tricky bits about AP tests is that it’s hard to know when to start studying for them. You’re taking the AP class, after all! Here’s a handy guide to help you figure out the best time to start studying for the AP Spanish test on your own. (Spoiler alert: you do have to study for AP tests outside of the classroom, too!)

The creation of Clinical pathologic coorelation Research Paper

The creation of Clinical pathologic coorelation - Research Paper Example Neoplasms result from misfolded protein accumulation in the cells cycle, which have the consequential effect of altering clinical characteristics (Wiebe et al. 1158) Why spend time reading relevant clinical history? The determination of the nature and cause of patient’s illness by a health practitioner is called diagnosis. This diagnosis is based on evaluating the patient’s symptoms, the physical findings, and the results of various laboratory tests, together with other diagnostic procedures. Once a diagnosis is reached, a prognosis could be offered, and that would establish the most suitable course of treatment, which serves the patient’s best interest. In pathologic diagnosis, pathologists serve as consultants to the physician. They work with all other medical specialists, using the tools of laboratory medicine to provide information that is essential to problem solving in clinical practice, by interpreting fast and accurate results. In addition, because of the new and highly complex tests increasing in recent years, clinicians rely more on the pathologists to give a comprehensive diagnosis that would enable them to develop an optimal plan of treatment. However, pathologists’ first responsibility is toward the patient. Thus, the importance of clinical information and pathological correlation is highly emphasized and recommended. The emphasis and recommendation stem from the fact that the latter deals with the study of biological recesses with abnormal traits such as infectious diseases, hormone sites, disease manifestation, and exhibited patterns. Therefore, the clinical history is an imperative tool in the evaluation process; it aligns with cytomorphologic features and other molecular findings. Unfortunately, Clinicians and surgeons do not understand the subjectivity of microscopic diagnosis, and it gets more meaningful only when the pathologists are fully informed and cognizant of

Compare and contrast the societies of Mesoamerica and the Eastern Assignment

Compare and contrast the societies of Mesoamerica and the Eastern Woodlands in 1491 - Assignment Example Women did not participate in building homes but assisted in working in the fields. The Eastern Woodland Indians were mainly hunters and gatherers2. The natives mostly spoke Algonquin or Iroquois. The Mesoamerican Indians were inhabitants of Mexico and Northern Central America. The main tribes were Mayans, Olmec, Amazonians, and Peruvians. They lived in caves and other structures curved out of stone. Mesoamerican Indians were the first to cultivate corn, potatoes, varieties of beans, squash, pumpkins, tomatoes, chocolate, rubber, cotton and tobacco. The Indians in Mexico developed corn by a breeding process so sophisticated that the journal of science described it as â€Å"mans first and perhaps the greatest feat at genetic engineering†. The natives made different discoveries based on different experiences and ways of life. The Mesoamerican and Eastern Woodland Indians had occupied different parts of America with the eastern Indians occupying the rain forest. Due to this woodland Indians discovered different uses for wood. They made hunting tools, houses, canoes and cooking utensils. The natives who lived near water bodies used the canoes for transport. The Mesoamericans mainly used tools curved out of stone for example, farming tools that were curved out of stone. Both inhabitants practiced farming for food, but they practiced it differently. The Eastern Woodland Indians cleared the forest in order to create more space for farming or when the land got exhausted while the Mesoamericans specifically the Amazonian Indians learned how to farm in the rain forest without destroying it, a process scientists are studying today in the hope of regaining this lost knowledge. The Mesoamericans were very advanced in agriculture. The Native Indians are said to have been the ‘mother of civilization.’ The Mesoamerican Indians having secured their food supply, turned to intellectual pursuits. They invented their own writing, astronomy